dismay

"Dismay" 内含的词根是古法语 d'ésmaier, 意为"失去勇气"。它由 dis- (表否定) 和 -may (源自拉丁语的 messus 意为放弃) 组成。

n. 沮丧，灰心；惊慌 vt. 使沮丧；使惊慌 [ 第三人称单数 dismays 现在分词 dismaying 过去式 dismayed 过去分词 dismayed ]

She let out a groan of dismay.

她发出沮丧的叹息声。

Here was matter for dismay, for they were soaked through and chilled.

令人沮丧的是，他们全身湿透，浑身冰凉。

He looked at her in dismay.

他诧异地看着她。

"Dismay" 可以分为 'dis' 和 'may',想象成对於可能性('may')有否定('dis')的情绪，可用于记忆此单词。"Dismay" 的词源历史可追溯到12-13世纪的法语，原意指的是失去信心或勇气。在经过几个世纪的变迁后，在现代英语中，它更常见地被用来表示失望，担忧或惊愕。

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Or that in that same period, brave men -- knights --commonly fainted out of dismay?What if I was to tell you

that I built in my bedroom,much to the dismay of my mother.YB: To the dismay of my mother,

much to the dismay of my mother.YB: To the dismay of my mother,this is dangerous teenage fashion right there.

So I was excited.Imagine my dismay when I met my teacher,Mr. Randolph.

Now, for many people, urbanization causes great dismay.They think cities are wrecking the planet.

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经济学人(The Economist),中科院考博真题